(1) Which country currently has the highest rate of HIV infections in the world?

(a) Botswana

(b) Thailand

(c) Haiti

(d) South Africa

(e) Uganda

(2) In Africa, the main source of HIV transmission is:

(a) IV drug use

(b) homosexual sex

(c) heterosexual sex

(d) male to male, then male to female transmission

(3) In which of the following regions is the number of new HIV infections increasing at the fastest rate?

(a) Southern United States

(b) Eastern Europe

(c) Australia/New Zealand

(d) Eastern Africa

(4) Which of the following factors has contributed to the explosive HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa?

(a) high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STD's)

(b) high viral loads

(c) poverty

(d) traditional sexual hygiene practices

(e) all of the above

(5) Which of the following is the most prevalent form of HIV in the world?

(a) HIV-2

(b) HIV-1, subtype C

(c) HIV-1, subtype B

(d) HIV-3

(6) 70% of vaccine research in the world is focusing on which form of HIV?

(a) HIV-2

(b) HIV-1, subtype C

(c) HIV-1, subtype B

(d) HIV-3

(7) Current barriers to treatment of HIV in developing countries include all of the following except:

(a) anti-retroviral therapies costing up to $10,000-15,000 per year

(b) lack of political support

(c) poor health infrastructure

(d) insufficient funding from local governments and the international community

(8) Which of the following helps developing countries gain access to anti-retroviral drugs?

(a) compulsory licensing

(b) parallel importing

(c) accelerating the introduction of generic drugs

(d) all of the above

(9) According to the 2001 Durex Global Sex Survey, citizens of which of the following countries had the highest number of sex partners in their lifetime?

(a) Nigeria

(b) United States

(c) South Africa

(10) Which of the following statements has been proven in a scientific study?

(a) HIV patients in developing countries have a different concept of time than that of Westerners, and therefore will have trouble adhering to strict drug regimes.

(b) Selling drugs to developing countries at reduced prices will hurt pharmaceutical companies' research and development for new medicines.

(c) Remedies given by traditional healers in Africa are effective against some of the symptoms of HIV/AIDS.

(d) Male circumcision plays no role in influencing the spread of HIV.

(11) Sub-Saharan African women are at an increased risk of HIV infection for all of the following reasons except:

(a) the practice of men paying a bride wealth ("bogadi" or "lobola")

(b) widow inheritance

(c) lack of oral contraceptive use

(d) high rates of rape

(12) Prevention alone is the most cost effective solution to the AIDS pandemic in developing countries.

True

False